Медико-соціальні аспекти евтаназії паліативних хворих в Україні, Швейцарії, Канаді, США та Ізраїлі
PDF

Ключові слова

паліативна та хоспісна допомога
реформа системи охорони здоров’я
медично асистована смерть
індекс якості смерті
право на життя
право на смерть

Як цитувати

Нестеренко, В. (2024). Медико-соціальні аспекти евтаназії паліативних хворих в Україні, Швейцарії, Канаді, США та Ізраїлі. Медицина сьогодні і завтра, 93(3). https://doi.org/10.35339/msz.2024.93.3.nes

Анотація

In press

Медична Асистована Смерть (МАС) застосовується легально у таких країнах світу, як Нідерланди, Бельгія, Люксембург, Швейцарія, Колумбія, Канада, Австралія, Іспанія, Німеччина, США. Закони про легальну евтаназію розглядають Португалії та Нова Зеландія. МАС виконується введенням смертельної речовини безнадійно хворій людині лікарем або самим хворим. Евтаназія є однією з послуг, яких потребують паліативні хворі в останні місяці та дні їх життя. Доступність МАС підвищує рейтинг країни в Індексі Якості Смерті та зменшує потребу в евтаназійному туризмі. Україна потребує легалізації МАС, як і покращення системи паліативної та хоспісної допомоги у цілому. Дослідження проведено з використанням методів системного аналізу, порівняльного методу та бібліосемантичного методу з пошуком літературних джерел та нормативно-правових актів у Google, Google Scholar та на PubMed, з акцентом на Україні, Швейцарії, США, Канаді та Ізраїлі. При порівняльному аналізі зроблено висновок, що оптимальною для України є канадська модель МАС, з урахуванням досвіду її побудови, сприйняття суспільством та проблем, пов’язаних із застосуванням законодавчих норм МАС.

Ключові слова: паліативна та хоспісна допомога, реформа системи охорони здоров’я, медично асистована смерть, індекс якості смерті, право на життя, право на смерть.

https://doi.org/10.35339/msz.2024.93.3.nes
PDF

Посилання

The quality of death Ranking end-of-life care across the world. A report from the Economist Intelligence Unit. Commissioned by Lien Foundation. London-New York-Hong Kong: Economist Intelligence Unit; 2010. 39 p. Available at: https://www.lienfoundation.org/sites/default/files/qod_index_2.pdf

Planning and implementing palliative care services: a guide for program managers. Geneva: WHO Press; 2016. 91 p. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/250584/9789241565417-eng.pdf

The 2015 Quality of Death Index Ranking palliative care across the world. A report. Commissioned by Lien Foundation.London-New York-Hong Kong-Geneva: Economist Intelligence Unit; 2015. 72 p. Available at: https://impact.economist.com/perspectives/health/2015-quality-death-index

Shevchenko A. Qualimetric criteria for formation of valeological competence in the adaptive education system. Adaptive management: theory and practice. "Pedagogy" series. 2022;13(25):18p. DOI:10.33296/2707-0255-13(25)-06.

Lekhan VM. Retrospective analysis of the construction of the national system of hospice and palliative care in Great Britain. Inter Collegas. 2024;11(1):52-6. DOI: 10.35339/ic.11.1.lvm.

Horbal A, Horokh E, Nasridinov R, Protsyuk A. Data for palliative care: international experience, Ukrainian practice, standards, indicators, evaluations. Kyiv: Ukrainian Center for Socail Data, International Renaissance Foundation; 2018. 60 p. Available at: https://socialdata.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/data_palliatiave_09_2018_ukr.pdf [in Ukrainian].

Holovanova IA, Shevchenko AS. The issue of patient-oriented organization of palliative and hospice care in Ukraine. Experimental and Clinical Medicine. 2021;90(2):21-7. DOI: 10.35339/ekm.2021.90.2.hos.

Holovanova IA, Shevchenko AS. Evaluation of packaged funding programs for palliative and hospice care by the National Health Service of Ukraine. Experimental and Clinical Medicine. 2021;90(4):45-52. DOI: 10.35339/ekm.2021.90.4.hos.

Helliwell JF, Layard R, Sachs J. (Eds.). World Happiness Report 2015. New York: Sustainable Development Solutions Network, 2015. 167 p. Available at: https://worldhappiness.report/ed/2015/

Holovanova IA, Shevchenko AS. Evaluation of packaged funding programs for palliative and hospice care by the National Health Service of Ukraine. Experimental and Clinical Medicine. 2021;90(4):45-52. DOI: 10.35339/ekm.2021.90.4.hos.

Lekhan VM. Impact of different types of pain on organizational decisions in palliative medicine. Medicine Today and Tomorrow. 2024;93(1):47-55. DOI: 10.35339/msz.2024.93.1.lvm.

Nesterenko VG. The controllability of pain in palliative medicine as a factor in the medical and social impact on the patients’ quality of life at the end-of-life. Experimental and Clinical Medicine. 2024;93(1):69-86. https://doi.org/10.35339/ekm.2024.93.1.nes [in Ukrainian].

Holovanova IA, Shevchenko AS. Determination of the main needs of palliative patients and ways of their provision in the health care system of Ukraine. Experimental and Clinical Medicine. 2021;90(3):88-94. DOI: 10.35339/ekm.2021.90.3.hos.

Smiianov VA. Medical assistance in dying for palliative patients in different countries of the world: lessons on euthanasia legalization. Inter Collegas. 2024;11(2):32-40. DOI: 10.35339/ic.11.2.smi.

Shevchenko AS, Kuts YuV, Gavrylova SA, Gavrylov EV. Legislative, historical and practical aspects of phenomena that potentially violate the right to life. Bull KhRIPHS. 2020;93(1):20-7. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3960410. [In Ukrainian].

Shevchenko AS. The right to life: medical aspects. Bull KhRIPHS. 2017;80(6):24-43. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3951362.

Nesterenko VG, Krasnikova SO, Shevchenko AS. Media discussions about hospice and palliative care in Ukraine since the beginning of the war. Proceedings of the VI-th scientific and practical conference with international participation "Public health in Ukraine: problems and ways to solve them", dedicated to the 100-th anniversary of the department of public health and health care management of the Kharkiv National Medical University (Tomilin's readings), 2 Nov 2023. 4 p. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10053065.

Shaw J, Wiebe E, Nuhn A, Holmes S, Kelly M, Just A. Providing medical assistance in dying: Practice perspectives. Can Fam Physician. 2018;64(9):e394-9. PMID: 30209113.

Cleemput J, Schoenmakers B. Euthanasia in the case of dementia: a survey among Flemish GPs. BJGP Open. 2019;3(4):bjgpopen19X101677. DOI: 10.3399/bjgpopen19X101677. PMID: 31772039.

Nesterenko VG, Lytvynenko OYu. Readiness for dialogue regarding euthanasia of palliative patients in Ukraine. Experimental and Clinical Medicine. 2024;93(2):79-88. DOI: 10.35339/ekm.2024.93.2.nel [in Ukrainian].

Nesterenko VG, Shevchenko AS, Zelenska KO, Hryhorov MM. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of disabling neurological diseases (literature review). International Neurological Journal. 2024;20(4):176-84. DOI: 10.22141/2224-0713.20.4.2024.1079. [In Ukrainian].

Nesterenko VH, Peresypkina TV, Shevchenko OS, Sarkhadova II. Palliative and hospice care in the Kharkiv region in the first year of the war. Ukraine. Nation's Health. 2023;73(3):106-12. DOI: 10.32782/2077-6594/2023.3/18.

Nesterenko VG, Shevchenko VV. Calculation of the national need for palliative care by the refined method of trends in the conditions of a military crisis. Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal. 2024;12(3):711-20. DOI: 10.21272/eumj.2024;12(3):711-720.

Nesterenko VG, Redka IV, Sukhonosov RO, Grygorov SM, Shevchenko AS, Aliieva TD. Forecasting the need for palliative and hospice care using the creeping trend method with segment smoothing. Wiad Lek. 2024;77(5):980-4. DOI: 10.36740/WLek202405116. PMID: 39008586.

Alieva TD, Shevchenko AS. On the issue of reproductive losses prevention in Ukraine. Inter Collegas. 2021;8(1):59-66. DOI: 10.35339/ic.8.1.59-66.

Titko EV, Deineko OV. Euthanasia / suicide tourism as the human rights protection phenomenon in the present time. Academic notes of the V.I. Vernadsky Tavrida National University. Series: Legal Sciences. 2020;31(70(2(3))):227-32. DOI: 10.32838/2707-0581/2020.2-3/36. [In Ukrainian].

Sperling D. Travelling to die: views, attitudes and end-of-life preferences of Israeli considering receiving aid-in-dying in Switzerland. BMC Med Ethics. 2022;23(1):48. DOI: 10.1186/s12910-022-00785-w. PMID: 35501743.

Law of Ukraine No.435-IV "Civil Code of Ukraine", accepted on 16 Jan 2003, with amendments and additions from 19 Jun 2003 to 05 Jun 2024, in force on 20 Sep 2024. Verkhovna Rada (Parliament) of Ukraine. Legislation of Ukraine. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/435-15 [in Ukrainian].

Law of Ukraine No.2801-XII "Fundamentals of Ukrainian legislation on health care", accepted on 19 Nov 1992, with amendments and additions from 31 Dec 1992 to 21 Aug 2024, in force on 20 Sep 2024. Verkhovna Rada (Parliament) of Ukraine. Legislation of Ukraine. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2801-12 [in Ukrainian].

Lekhan VM. The importance of medical cannabis for solving the problem of providing analgesia to palliative patients in Ukraine. Experimental and Clinical Medicine. 2024;93(1):87-93. DOI: 10.35339/ekm.2024.93.1.lvm.

Holopapa DI, Mialovytska NA. Euthanasia: the right to life. Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law. 2013;23(1(1)):122-4. Available at: http://surl.li/sizlqa [in Ukrainian].

Nesterenko VG. Informed consent of palliative patients to participate in quality of life research. Experimental and Clinical Medicine. 2021;90(2):28-34. DOI: 10.35339/ekm.2021.90.2.nes. [In Ukrainian].

Abdriakhimova Ts, Mukharovska I, Kleban K, Sapon D, Kalachov O. Peculiarities of communication in the medical environment (methodical recommendations). Psychosomatic Medicine and General Practice. 2020;5(1):e04501212. Available at: https://uk.e-medjournal.com/index.php/psp/article/view/212 [in Ukrainian].

Mroz S, Dierickx S, Deliens L, Cohen J, Chambaere K. Assisted dying around the world: a status quaestionis. Ann Palliat Med. 2021;10(3):3540-53. DOI: 10.21037/apm-20-637. PMID: 32921084.

Kremeike K, Dojan T, Rosendahl C, Junger S, Romotzky V, Bostrom K, et al. "Withstanding ambivalence is of particular importance" – Controversies among experts on dealing with desire to die in palliative care. PLoS One. 2021;16(9):e0257382. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257382. PMID: 34559828.

Singh HK, Macdonald ME, Carnevale FA. Considering medical assistance in dying for minors: the complexities of children's voices. J Med Ethics. 2020;46(6):399-404. DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2019-105762. PMID: 32332149.

Downie J, Schuklenk U. Social determinants of health and slippery slopes in assisted dying debates: lessons from Canada. J Med Ethics. 2021;47(10):662-9. DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2021-107493. PMID: 34349029.

Library of Parliament Research Publications, Parliament of Canada. Legislative Summary of Bill C-14: An Act to Amend the Criminal Code and make Related Amendments to other Acts (Medical Assistance in Dying) Ottawa, ON: Library of Parliament Research Publications, Parliament of Canada, 2018. [Internet]. Available at: https://lop.parl.ca/sites/PublicWebsite/default/en_CA/ResearchPublications/ LegislativeSummaries/421C14E [accessed 20 Sep 2024].

Pesut B, Thorne S, Greig M. Shades of gray: Conscientious objection in medical assistance in dying. Nurs Inq. 2020;27(1):e12308. DOI: 10.1111/nin.12308. PMID: 31273903.

Uprichard E. Children as "Being and Becomings": Children, Childhood and Temporality. Children & Society. 2008;22(4):303-13. DOI: 10.1111/j.1099-0860.2007.00110.x.

Spyrou S. Researching children’s silences: Exploring the fullness of voice in childhood research. Childhood. 2016;23(1):7-21. DOI: 10.1177/0907568215571618.

Lewis A. Silence in the Context of "Child Voice". Child Soc. 2010;24(1):14-23. DOI: 10.1111/j.1099-0860.2008.00200.x.

Teachman G, McDonough P, Macarthur C, Gibson BE. A critical dialogical methodology for conducting research with disabled youth who use augmentative and alternative communication. Qualitative Inquiry 2018;24(1):35-44. DOI: 10.1177/1077800417727763.

Carter BS. Why Palliative Care for Children is Preferable to Euthanasia. Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2016;33(1):5-7. DOI: 10.1177/1049909114542648. PMID: 25007796.

Widger K, Davies D, Rapoport A, Vadeboncoeur C, Liben S, Sarpal A, et al. Pediatric palliative care in Canada in 2012: a cross-sectional descriptive study. CMAJ Open. 2016;4(4):E562-8. DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20160054. PMID: 28018868.

Lamb CM. Paediatric euthanasia in Canada: New challenges for end of life care. Paediatr Child Health. 2020;26(2):79-81. DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxaa051. PMID: 33747302.

The Expert Panel Working Group on MAID for Mature Minors. The State of Knowledge on Medical Assistance in Dying for Mature Minors. Council of Canadian Academies, 12 Dec 2018. [Internet]. Available at: https://scienceadvice.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/The-Stateof-Knowledge-on-Medical-Assistance-in-Dying-for-Mature-Minors.pdf [Accessed 20 Sep 2024].

National nursing framework on medical assistance in dying in Canada. National Nursing Framework on Medical Assistance in Dying in Canada. Ottawa: Canadian Nurses Association; 2017. 50 р. Available at: https://www.cna‐aiic.ca/~/media/cna/page‐content/pdf‐en/cna‐national‐nursing‐framework‐on‐maid.pdf

Pesut B, Greig M, Thorne S, Storch J, Burgess M, Tishelman C, et al. Nursing and euthanasia: A narrative review of the nursing ethics literature. Nurs Ethics. 2020;27(1):152-67. DOI: 10.1177/0969733019845127. PMID: 31113279.

Crumley ET, Sheppard C, Bowden C, Nelson G. Canadian French and English newspapers’ portrayals of physicians’ role and medical assistance in dying (MAiD) from 1972 to 2016: a qualitative textual analysis. BMJ Open 2019;9:e020369. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-020369.

Koksvik G. Practical and ethical complexities of MAiD: Examples from Quebec. Wellcome Open Res. 2020;5:227. DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16306.2. PMID: 33954264.

Downar J, Fowler RA, Halko R, Huyer LD, Hill AD, Gibson JL. Early experience with medical assistance in dying in Ontario, Canada: a cohort study. CMAJ. 2020;192(8):E173-81. DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.200016. PMID: 32051130.

Redelmeier DA, Ng K, Thiruchelvam D, Shafir E. Association of socioeconomic status with medical assistance in dying: a case-control analysis. BMJ Open. 2021;11(5):e043547. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043547. PMID: 34035092.

Shapiro GK, Tong E, Nissim R, Zimmermann C, Allin S, Gibson J, et al. Exploring key stakeholders' attitudes and opinions on medical assistance in dying and palliative care in Canada: a qualitative study protocol. BMJ Open. 2021;11(12):e055789. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055789. PMID: 34862301.

Mathews JJ, Hausner D, Avery J, Hannon B, Zimmermann C, Al-Awamer A. Impact of Medical Assistance in Dying on palliative care: A qualitative study. Palliat Med. 2021;35(2):447-54. DOI: 10.1177/0269216320968517. PMID: 33126842.

Freeman S, Banner D, Ward V. Hospice care providers experiences of grappling with medical assistance in dying in a hospice setting: a qualitative descriptive study. BMC Palliat Care. 2021;20(1):55. DOI: 10.1186/s12904-021-00740-3. PMID: 33845825.

Selby D, Meaney C, Bean S, Isenberg-Grzeda E, Nolen A. Factors predicting the risk of loss of decisional capacity for medical assistance in dying: a retrospective database review. CMAJ Open. 2020;8(4):E825-31. DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20200052. PMID: 33293332.

Crumley ET, Kelly S, Young J, Phinney N, McCarthy J, Gubitz G. How is the medical assistance in dying (MAID) process carried out in Nova Scotia, Canada? A qualitative process model flowchart study. BMJ Open. 2021;11(7):e048698. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-048698. PMID: 34312206.

Nolen A, Olwi R, Debbie S. Impact of legalization of Medical Assistance in Dying on the Use of Palliative Sedation in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Chart Review. Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2022;39(4):442-7. DOI: 10.1177/10499091211030443. PMID: 34227433.

Antonacci R, Baxter S, Henderson JD, Mirza RM, Klinger CA. Hospice Palliative Care (HPC) and Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD): Results from a Canada-Wide Survey. J Palliat Care. 2021;36(3):151-6. DOI: 10.1177/0825859719865548. PMID: 31411105.

Ho A, Norman JS, Joolaee S, Serota K, Twells L, William L. How does Medical Assistance in Dying affect end-of-life care planning discussions? Experiences of Canadian multidisciplinary palliative care providers. Palliat Care Soc Pract. 2021;15:26323524211045996. DOI: 10.1177/26323524211045996. Erratum in: Palliat Care Soc Pract. 2021;15:26323524211060145. DOI: 10.1177/26323524211060145. PMID: 34568826.

Ward V, Freeman S, Callander T, Xiong B. Professional experiences of formal healthcare providers in the provision of medical assistance in dying (MAiD): A scoping review. Palliat Support Care. 2021;19(6):744-58. DOI: 10.1017/S1478951521000146. PMID: 33781368.

Zworth M, Saleh C, Ball I, Kalles G, Chkaroubo A, Kekewich M, et al. Provision of medical assistance in dying: a scoping review. BMJ Open. 2020;10(7):e036054. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036054. PMID: 32641328.

Li M, Shapiro GK, Klein R, Barbeau A, Rydall A, Bell JAH, et al. Medical Assistance in Dying in patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers: a mixed methods longitudinal study protocol. BMC Palliat Care. 2021;20(1):117. doi: 10.1186/s12904-021-00793-4. PMID: 34289838.

Appel JM. Assisted Suicide for Healthy People. HuffPost Latest News, 16 Aug 2009, updated 25 May 2011. [Internet]. Available at: https://www.huffpost.com/entry/assisted-suicide-for-heal_b_236664 [accessed 20 Sep 2024].

Mangino DR, Bernhard T, Wakim P, Kim SY. Assessing Public's Attitudes Towards Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide of Persons With Dementia Based on Their Advance Request: An Experimental Survey of US Public. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2021;29(4):384-94. DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2020.07.013. PMID: 32807627.

Kevorkian J, Kurtz P. Medicide: the goodness of planned death. Free Inq. 1991;11(4):14-8. PMID: 11649305.

Kevorkian J. Medicine, ethics, and execution by lethal injection. Med Law. 1985;4(4):307-13. PMID: 4046758.

Bokek-Cohen Y, Tarabeih M. Grave new world: The conspiracy of silence surrounding non-voluntary euthanasia. Appl Nurs Res. 2020;52:151245. DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2020.151245. PMID: 32199519.

Creative Commons License

Ця робота ліцензується відповідно до Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.