Peculiarities of the state of the hard tissue of the temporary teeth in 6-years-old children

Abstract

Literary data show that caries is the most common dental nosology in the world. After conducting epidemiological studies of our region, we established a high incidence of caries in children aged 6 according to WHO criteria. In this regard, we set ourselves the aim of assessing the peculiarities of the state of hard tissues of temporary teeth in children living in different regions of Bukovyna. To solve the aim, we examined 306 children in 13 schools of the Chernivtsi region. The following observation groups were selected: Group I – 93 children aged 6 years living in Vyzhnytskyi District, Group II – 119 children aged 6 years living in Chernivtsi District and Subgroup III – 94 children aged 6 years living in Dniester District. We analyzed the prevalence, intensity of caries of temporary teeth, level of intensity, ICDAS1-6 in different regions of Bukovyna. The degree of probability of the obtained results was statistically assessed. The prevalence of caries of temporary teeth in 6-year-old children is high in all regions: 93.54% in Vyzhnytskyi, 93.61% in Dnistrovskyi and 92.43% in Chernivtsi districts. The analysis of the intensity of caries showed that the highest values – in children of the Vyzhnytsky district (5.46±0.33) affected teeth, the lowest – in the examined children of the Dniester district – (5.05±0.28). The "d" component dominated the structure of the "dmf" index in all regions. It should be noted that the extracted teeth were from 1.59 to 4.39%. In all regions, the average level of intensity prevailed, but the share of children with a high level was also high: 39.78% in Vyzhnytskyi, 31.91% in Dniester and 30.25% in Chernivtsi districts. The lower second molar was most often affected, with a share of 26.53%. A combined lesion of several groups of teeth, in particular the upper and lower molars, as well as the upper frontal teeth that were present, is characteristic. Carious cavities were most often located on the masticatory (31.25%) and contact surfaces (51.52%). Enamel caries was most often diagnosed in 41.21% of cases, a third of all lesions (36.64%) were dentine caries, and a fifth part (22.13%) were caries at the stain stage. Therefore, the high incidence of caries in children in all districts of the Chernivtsi region indicates the need to study the regional risk factors for the development of caries in children for the further development of regionally adapted treatment and prevention programs.

Keywords: children, caries, complications of caries, prevalence, intensity, SIC-index.