Keywords
colitis
gastrointestinal tract inflammatory diseases
How to Cite
Abstract
The review presents modern ideas about the prevalence and etiopathogenesis of the gastrointestinal tract inflammatory diseases, in particular, colitis. The factors that determine their high medical and social significance and the main complications that could develop under these conditions are identified. According to the literature, chronic colitis of various etiologies provoke significant pathological changes in the qualitative and quantitative of the small intestinal microflora composition, which leads to disturbances of a number of biologically active compounds synthesis and immune system pathological changes. Unfortunately, in a significant number of patients with chronic enterocolitis develop serious complications, and approximately in 10% of patients develop colorectal cancer, which has an unfavorable prognosis. The article presents a comparative analysis of colitis experimental models with different etiology (spontaneous, induced, colitis model with using genetically modified animals, etc.). Different courses (acute and chronic), different histological and biochemical changes are typical for colitis different models. Each experimental model has features of reproduction in laboratory animals. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account pathologies features and choose an experimental model depending on the purpose of the study. In particular, the model of formalin-induced colitis or acetic acid-induced colitis is optimal for the study of the pathogenesis proinflammatory component, the model of peptidoglycan-polysaccharide-induced colitis or dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis is preferable model for chronic ulcerative colitis evaluation.
Keywords: experimental model, colitis, gastrointestinal tract inflammatory diseases.
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