Features of the pathomorphosis of fire bullet wounds of the abdomen with damage of the colon

Abstract

The article shows the features of the pathomorphosis of gunshot bullet wounds to the abdomen with damage to the colon. Various options for the course of repair and regeneration of the colon after surgical treatment and in the presence of postoperative complications in wounded patients with and without concomitant pathology of the colon are provided. It is shown that the etiology and pathogenesis of a penetrating gunshot wound of the intestine has mechanical and metabolic aspects. It has been proven that the greatest impact force on the intestine falls on the outside, on the peritoneum, which is often worn away from the longitudinal layer of the muscle wall of the intestine. It is given that the restructuring of the structure and function of the colon in chronic colitis after a gunshot wound leads to an exacerbation of the chronic process in all membranes. It is shown that damage to the intestinal mucosa occurs simultaneously with the destruction of intestinal tissues, but depends on general and local immunity. Infiltration of the site of the lesion by neutrophil granulocytes leads to the disposal of the entire wound or the development of complications. The structural and functional state of intestinal lymphatic follicles makes it possible to maintain intestinal immune protection, bacterial microflora and digestion. The method of choice for surgical repair of the consequences penetrating into the abdominal cavity of a gunshot wound will be the maximum resection of necrotic foci, large hemorrhages to avoid adhesion disease. At different levels, depending on the wound process, the structural and functional reconstruction is completely different, which is due to the individual feature of the structure and function, which affects the surgeon's desire for a justified radical or, on the contrary, for an organ-preserving operation.

Keywords: histological examination, gunshot wound, colon injury.