Keywords
heart failure
type 2 diabetes mellitus
obesity
catestatin
cardiometabolic risk marker
How to Cite
Abstract
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and obesity are interrelated diseases that significantly worsen the quality of life of patients. The search for markers of early detection and progression of Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) in the setting of CAD in the presence of concomitant metabolic pathology is a relevant and promising area of modern research. The aim of the study was to investigate the features of carbohydrate metabolism and the role of catestatin in patients with chronic heart failure of ischaemic origin in the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. 154 patients were examined, divided into 4 groups: 1 – with a combination of CHF, CAD, T2DM and obesity (n=42); 2 – with a combination of CHF, CAD and T2DM (n=46); 3 – with a combination of CHF, CAD and obesity (n=36); 4 – with a combination of CHF and CAD (n=30). Control group consisted of 20 healthy volunteers. The level of catestatin (by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and carbohydrate metabolism were determined. In the groups with concomitant T2DM, fasting glucose levels were significantly higher (p<0.05). In group 1, hyperinsulinaemia (p<0.05) and the highest HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance) (p<0.05) were observed. An inverse correlation of average strength between catestatin and carbohydrate metabolism in group 1 was found (p<0.01). The findings of this study underscore the presence of severe disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism, characterized by hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, and significant insulin resistance, in patients suffering from chronic heart failure secondary to coronary artery disease when complicated by the co-existence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. The observed inverse correlation between catestatin levels and markers of glucose homeostasis in this high-risk population hints at a potential protective role of catestatin in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. Furthermore, these findings suggest that catestatin may hold promise as a valuable biomarker for identifying individuals at increased cardiometabolic risk and potentially for monitoring the progression of these complex and intertwined conditions.
Keywords: coronary artery disease, heart failure, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, catestatin, cardiometabolic risk marker.
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