Медико-соціальні аспекти евтаназії паліативних хворих в Україні, Швейцарії, Канаді, США та Ізраїлі
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Ключові слова

паліативна та хоспісна допомога
реформа системи охорони здоров’я
медично асистована смерть
індекс якості смерті
право на життя
право на смерть

Як цитувати

Нестеренко, В. (2024). Медико-соціальні аспекти евтаназії паліативних хворих в Україні, Швейцарії, Канаді, США та Ізраїлі. Медицина сьогодні і завтра, 93(3), 65-83. https://doi.org/10.35339/msz.2024.93.3.nes

Анотація

Медична Асистована Смерть (МАС) застосовується легально у таких країнах світу, як Нідерланди, Бельгія, Люксембург, Швейцарія, Колумбія, Канада, Австралія, Іспанія, Німеччина, США. Закони про легальну евтаназію розглядають Португалії та Нова Зеландія. МАС виконується введенням смертельної речовини безнадійно хворій людині лікарем або самим хворим. Евтаназія є однією з послуг, яких потребують паліативні хворі в останні місяці та дні їх життя. Доступність МАС підвищує рейтинг країни в Індексі Якості Смерті та зменшує потребу в евтаназійному туризмі. Україна потребує легалізації МАС, як і покращення системи паліативної та хоспісної допомоги у цілому. Дослідження проведено з використанням методів системного аналізу, порівняльного методу та бібліосемантичного методу з пошуком літературних джерел та нормативно-правових актів у Google, Google Scholar та на PubMed, з акцентом на Україні, Швейцарії, США, Канаді та Ізраїлі. При порівняльному аналізі зроблено висновок, що оптимальною для України є канадська модель МАС, з урахуванням досвіду її побудови, сприйняття суспільством та проблем, пов’язаних із застосуванням законодавчих норм МАС.

Ключові слова: паліативна та хоспісна допомога, реформа системи охорони здоров’я, медично асистована смерть, індекс якості смерті, право на життя, право на смерть.

https://doi.org/10.35339/msz.2024.93.3.nes
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